M*A*S*H - Season Six - TV Season Six - Collector's Edition
20th Century Fox (1978)
Comedy, TV Series
In Collection
#1146
8*
Seen ItYes
(6/13/2011)
024543113881
IMDB   8.5
637 mins USA/English
DVD  Region 1   NR
Alan Alda Capt. Benjamin Franklin "Hawkeye" Pierce / ...
Loretta Swit Maj. Margaret "Hot Lips" Houlihan / ...
Jamie Farr Cpl. / ...
William Christopher Capt. Father Francis J. Mulcahy / ...
Mike Farrell Capt. B.J. Hunnicut
Harry Morgan Col. Sherman T. Potter / ...
Gary Burghoff Cpl. Walter "Radar" O'Reilly / ...
David Ogden Stiers Maj. Charles Emerson Winchester III
Larry Linville Maj. Frank Burns
Wayne Rogers Capt. John McIntyre
McLean Stevenson Lt. Col. Henry Blake
Director Charles S. Dubin
Alan Alda
Jackie Cooper
Producer Larry Gelbart
Dennis Koenig
Jim Mulligan
Burt Metcalfe
Writer Gary Markowitz
Larry Gelbart
Sheldon Keller
Richard Hooker

Welcome back to the 4077!

Korea, 1950. They were a MASH (Mobile Army Surgical Hospital) unit stationed three miles from the front. While it was a healing way station for the wounded who were either heading stateside or back into combat, it was home sweet home for the docs and nurses of the 4077. From the OR to the mess tent to "The Swamp," it was a place where they performed their daily medical miracles, ate their often unidentifiable meals, and relaxed with a few laughs - and more than a few martinis!
Episodes
 30 mins    9/20/1977  1.  Fade Out, Fade In
After Maj. Margaret Houlihan-Penobscott leaves for her honeymoon, Maj. Frank Burns becomes very distraught, so Potter sends him on R&R. As they deal with the physical and psychological wounds in a heavy load of casualties, members of the 4077th wonder why Maj. Burns is late in returning from R&R and why Margaret returned from her honeymoon in a deep funk. Soon they learn that Maj. Burns has been arrested for antics with a general and his wife in Seoul; later, Hawkeye and BJ will discover that Margaret has already encountered marital troubles. Radar gets a temporary replacement for Maj. Burns: a Major Charles Emerson Winchester III. Maj. Winchester arrives at the 4077th, only to painfully discover that he's the permanent replacement after Frank Burns is thoroughly examined, uncannily acquitted, undeservingly promoted (to Lt. Colonel!!!), and quickly transferred to a VA hospital in Indiana. The Eye Of The Hawk and Beej struggle with Charles' conceit about his professionalism in OR, but they discover that he can take it as well as dish it out when it comes to practical jokes!
Director:  Hy Averback  Writer:  Everett Greenbaum  / Jim Fritzell 
Guest starring:  Kimiko Hiroshige, Raymond Singer, Tom Stovall, Rick Hurst, Robert Symonds, William Flatley, Joseph Burns, Barbara James
 30 mins    9/27/1977  2.  Fallen Idol
Radar wants to become a man so Hawkeye recommends he goes to Seoul. On his way there he is hit by a mine. Hawkeye performs surgery on him. After surgery, Hawkeye goes to the Officers Club where he gets hammered. The next day he goes to surgery severely hung over. Radar tells Hawkeye he is disappointed in him. Hawkeye explodes and is then yelled at by Major Houlihan, Colonel Potter and Father Mulcahy. Radar and Hawkeye make up. Radar receives a Purple Heart.
Director:  Alan Alda  Writer:  Alan Alda 
Guest starring:  Frances Fong, Robin Riker, Larry Gilman, Michael Talbott
 30 mins    10/4/1977  3.  Last Laugh
Madness strikes as B.J. and his old friend Bardonaro play a series of practical jokes on each other, just as Bardonaro is about to leave Korea. Hawkeye gets the last laugh. He sends Bardonaro off without his traveling papers, and in a jeep with too little gas.
Director:  Don Weis  Writer:  Everett Greenbaum  / Jim Fritzell 
Guest starring:  John Ashton, James Cromwell, Robert Karnes
 30 mins    10/11/1977  4.  War of Nerves
The 4077th, caught up in tension and nerves, creates a bonfire to release their pressure. Meanwhile, Sidney Freedman is depressed over a young soldier who blames him for his injuries, because Freedman had sent him back into combat.
Director:  Alan Alda  Writer:  Alan Alda 
Guest starring:  Michael O'Keefe, Peter Riegert
 30 mins    10/18/1977  5.  The Winchester Tapes
Hawkeye tries unsuccessfully to get to Seoul, to see Nurse Gilmore for the weekend. Meanwhile, Winchester has taped a letter home, asking for his influential parents to help get him back to the States. To get even, Hawkeye and B.J. switch Winchester's clothes, causing Winchester to alter his eating patterns.
Director:  Burt Metcalfe  Writer:  Everett Greenbaum  / Jim Fritzell 
Guest starring:  Thomas Carter, Kimiko Hiroshige
 30 mins    10/25/1977  6.  The Light That Failed
With supplies low, the 4077th gets a truckload of ice cream churns and salt tablets. But what it needs are light bulbs, and in the dimly lit post-op Charles makes an error for which he draws the ultimate wrath of his two surgeon bunkmates. Meanwhile, B.J. receives a mystery novel that everyone in camp reads in turn. The last page is missing and the solution to the mystery is undiscovered until B.J. calls the author by long distance.
Director:  Charles S. Dubin  Writer:  Burt Prelutsky 
Guest starring:  Gary Erwin, Philip Baker Hall
 30 mins    11/1/1977  7.  In Love and War
Hawkeye falls in love with Kyong Soon, a Korean woman who is caring for her sick mother and orphaned children. But all hope is lost as Kyong takes her possessions and the children to the south after her mother has died.
Director:  Alan Alda  Writer:  Alan Alda 
Guest starring:  Kieu-Chinh, Susan Krebs, Soorah Ahn
 30 mins    11/8/1977  8.  Change Day
Charles plans a scheme to get rich when he discovers that blue scrip is going to be exchanged for red. Hawkeye and B.J. outsmart him, and he is left holding the worthless scrip. Klinger tries to get into West Point so that he can get out of Korea.
Director:  Don Weis  Writer:  Laurence Marks 
Guest starring:  Philip Ahn, Noel Toy, Glen Ash, Peter Riegert
 30 mins    11/15/1977  9.  Images
Radar notices a number of tattoos on one of the wounded, and convinces himself that with a tattoo he will be irresistible to women. Everyone tries to discourage him, and he admits to having received a tattoo that will wash off. Meanwhile, Margaret is frustrated with a new nurse who keeps getting upset at the sight of combat injuries.
Director:  Burt Metcalfe  Writer:  Burt Prelutsky 
Guest starring:  Susan Blanchard, Larry Block, John Durren, Joseph Hardin, Rebecca Taylor, Carmine Scelza
 30 mins    11/22/1977  10.  The M*A*S*H Olympics
Colonel Potter, deciding that the camp is out of shape, enforces a calisthenics course. When nobody is enjoying it, he makes it fun by splitting the camp into two teams. These teams compete for three day R&R passes. Klinger tries to get out of the army by getting fat.
Director:  Don Weis  Writer:  David Isaacs  / Ken Levine 
Guest starring:  Mike Henry, Michael McManus
 30 mins    11/29/1977  11.  The Grim Reaper
Colonel Victor Bloodworth predicts that 280 wounded will arrive at the 4077th. Hawkeye is antagonized by Bloodworth and shoves him against a wall. Bloodworth presses for a court martial until he becomes one of the wounded and watches Hawkeye saving a soldier's life. Realizing Hawkeye's value as a doctor, Bloodworth drops all charges.
Director:  George Tyne  Writer:  Burt Prelutsky 
Guest starring:  Charles Aidman, Jerry Hauser
 30 mins    12/6/1977  12.  Comrades in Arms (Part 1)
Lost behind enemy lines, Hawkeye and Margaret form a personal truce and seek shelter in a roadside hut.
Director:  Burt Metcalfe  Writer:  Alan Alda 
Guest starring:  Jon Yune, James Saito
 30 mins    12/13/1977  13.  Comrades in Arms (Part 2)
Margaret and Hawkeye seek solace from enemy fire in each other's arms and end up, briefly, as lovers.
Director:  Alan Alda  Writer:  Alan Alda 
Guest starring:  Douglas Rowe, Jon Yune, James Saito
 30 mins    12/20/1977  14.  The Merchant of Korea
After Charles hands B.J. two hundred dollars, he begins to take advantage. Everyone gets together and persuades Charles to play poker. He has incredible beginner's luck until Radar discovers that Charles whistles loudly when he bluffs. They all win back their money and then some.
Director:  William Jurgensen  Writer:  David Isaacs  / Ken Levine 
 30 mins    1/3/1978  15.  The Smell of Music
The 4077th has just ended a rough 3-day ordeal with wounded soldiers. Charles plays (?) a French horn and drives Hawkeye and B.J. crazy. They refuse to bathe until the French horn playing is stopped; the two are even forced to eat outside because of their unhygenic presences. Meanwhile Potter attempts to saves the life of a patient, Saunders, whose unfortunate accident has rendered him suicidal. Time and time again, Potter pleads against Saunders' taking the easy way out; Saunders holds out until a little dose of reverse psychology finally discourages him. When a "battle of the bands" eventually erupts between Winchester, Hunnicutt and Pierce, the camp collectively intervenes and hoses down Hawkeye and B.O. while Margaret has a soldier run over Charles' French horn with a jeep. Later, Sang Nu presents Charles with a new horn...one which doesn't have a mouthpiece!
Director:  Stuart Millar  Writer:  Everett Greenbaum  / Jim Fritzell 
Guest starring:  Jordan Clarke, Nancy Steen, Lois Foraker
 30 mins    1/10/1978  16.  Patient 4077
In need of a special surgical clamp, Hawkeye and B.J. hire Mr. Shin, a local jewelry dealer, to make it. Days later the clamp is used to save the leg of a wounded soldier. Mr. Shin goes into the surgical supply business.
Director:  Harry Morgan  Writer:  David Isaacs  / Ken Levine 
Guest starring:  Keye Luke, Brenda Thomson, Harry Gold
 30 mins    1/17/1978  17.  Tea and Empathy
With British and American casualties heavy, the 4077th's supply of penicillin has been stolen. Father Mulcahy discovers, from Corporal Bryant, the location of some penicillin, and he and Klinger go out in search of it. They are shot at, but safely return with the drug and save the day.
Director:  Don Weis  Writer:  Bill Idelson 
Guest starring:  Bernard Fox, Neil Thompson, Sal Viscuso, Neil Hunt, Chris Mulkey, Chris Winfield, Jay Pirelli
 30 mins    1/24/1978  18.  Your Hit Parade
With the arrival of a shipment of records, Radar plays the part of a disc jockey and helps to get everyone through the incredibly long deluge of wounded.
Director:  George Tyne  Writer:  Ronny Graham 
Guest starring:  Ronny Graham, William Kux, Ken Michelman
 30 mins    1/30/1978  19.  What's Up, Doc?
Hot Lips, believing herself to be pregnant, asks Hawkeye to test her. The only rabbit available to use for the test is Radar's pet, Fluffy. Meanwhile, Martinson, a patient, holds Charles at gunpoint, demanding he be sent back to Ohio.
Director:  George Tyne  Writer:  Larry Balmagia 
Guest starring:  Charles Frank, Lois Foraker, Kurt Andon, Phyllis Katz
 30 mins    2/6/1978  20.  Mail Call Three
After a delay of three weeks, five sacks of mail arrive, and everyone in camp reacts to good and bad news from home. Hawkeye receives love letters addressed to another Benjamin Pierce, another man has approached B.J.'s wife, and Radar's mom has found a boyfriend. Klinger: "I may not have a family in Toledo, but I got one here."
Director:  Charles S. Dubin  Writer:  Everett Greenbaum  / Jim Fritzell 
Guest starring:  Oliver Clark, Jack Grapes, Carmine Scelza, Terri Paul
 30 mins    2/13/1978  21.  Temporary Duty
With a temporary transfer of personnel between the 4077th and the 8063rd, Captain Roy Dupree replaces Hawkeye, whilst Lorraine Anderson makes eyes at Charles. Fearing this to be permanent, Charles and B.J. successfully conspire to have Dupree permanently removed from the 4077th. Charles (to Hawkeye): "God, I missed you!"
Director:  Burt Metcalfe  Writer:  Larry Balmagia 
Guest starring:  George Lindsey, Marcia Rodd
 30 mins    2/20/1978  22.  Potter's Retirement
Potter is upset when General Waldo Kent informs him that people in the 4077th are complaining about his leadership. Potter returns to camp and discovers that the complaints are coming from a Corporal (actually Lieutenant) Benson, who had been sent by a disturbed Colonel Frank Webster, who had been wounded some months earlier...and probably wanted payback for being made to wait until the real casualties were treated.
Director:  William Jurgensen  Writer:  Laurence Marks 
Guest starring:  George Wyner, Peter Hobbs, Ken White
 30 mins    2/27/1978  23.  Dr. Winchester and Mr. Hyde
Charles takes amphetamines to keep up his energy level, and even drugs Radar's mouse, "Daisy", so that it will win a race against a Marine's mouse, "Sluggo".
Director:  Charles S. Dubin  Writer:  Ronny Graham  / David Isaacs  / Ken Levine 
Guest starring:  Chris Murney, Joe Tornatore, Ron Max, Rod Gist
 30 mins    3/27/1978  24.  Major Topper
With the possibility of contaminated morphine, the doctors at the 4077th administer placebos to the patients, which seems to work. Meanwhile, a new soldier, "Boots" Miller, is released on a Section Eight.
Director:  Charles S. Dubin  Writer:  Allyn Freeman 
Guest starring:  Hamilton Camp, Andrew Blach, Donald Blackwell, Peter Zapp, Paul Linke, John Kirby
Edition Details
Edition Collector's Edition
Series MASH
Distributor 20th Century Fox
Release Date 6/8/2004
Packaging Custom Case
Screen Ratio 1.33:1
Subtitles English; Spanish
Audio Tracks ENGLISH: Dolby Digital Mono [CC]
FRENCH: Dolby Digital Mono
SPANISH: Dolby Digital Mono
Layers Single Side, Dual Layer
No. of Disks/Tapes 3
Personal Details
Purchase Date 6/8/2004
Owner Thomas Eisenmann
Store Best Buy
Purchase Price $36.99
Condition Excellent
Reviewed Not Found
Bit Rate N/A
Anamophic No
Links Amazon.com
Movie Collector Connect
IMDB
TheTvDb.com

Features
Disc 01 [None]

Widescreen Review
Season 6

Fade Out, Fade In
September 20, 1977
Written by Jim Fritzell and Everett Greenbaum
Directed by Hy Averback
Guest Stars: James Lough, Raymond Singer, Tom Stovall, Rick Hurst, Robert Symonds, William Flatley, Joseph Burns, Barbara James
After Margaret leaves for her honeymoon, Frank becomes very distraught, so Potter sends him on R R. All throughout a deluge of casualties, the 4077th receives reports of a Frank Burns gone berserk. Potter calls Tokyo and requests a replacement surgeon. Major Charles Emerson Winchester III (David Ogden Stiers) is assigned to the 4077th. Frank Burns is apprehended, promoted, and transferred to a VA hospital in Indiana. Winchester is made a permanent part of the 4077th staff. (one hour show)

Fallen Idol
September 27, 1977
Written by Alan Alda
Directed by Alan Alda
Guest Stars: Frances Fong, Robin Riker, Larry Gilman, Roy Goldman
At Hawkeye's suggestion, Radar goes to Seoul to find a woman at the Pink Pagoda. Radar never gets there because of shelling along the way, and is flown to the 4077th. Hawkeye, feeling tremendous guilt, is unable to perform an operation to save Radar, and is replaced by Winchester. Hawkeye and Radar have a falling out as they lose respect for each other's actions. All is well in the end as Hawkeye pins a Purple Heart on Radar after he has recuperated.

Last Laugh
October 4, 1977
Written by Everett Greenbaum and Jim Fritzell
Directed by Don Weis
Guest Stars: James Cromwell, Robert Karnes, John Ashton
Madness strikes as B.J. and his old friend Bardonaro (James Cromwell) play a series of practical jokes on each other as Bardonaro is about to leave Korea.

War of Nerves
October 11, 1977
Written by Alan Alda
Directed by Alan Alda
Guest Stars: Allan Arbus, Michael O'Keefe, Peter Reigert
The 4077th, caught up in tension and nerves, creates a bonfire to release their pressure. Meanwhile Sidney Freedman is depressed by a soldier (Peter Riegert) who blames him for his injuries because Freedman had sent him back into combat.

The Winchester Tapes
October 18, 1977
Written by Everett Greenbaum and Jim Fritzell
Directed by Burt Metcalfe
Guest Stars: Thomas Carter, Kimiko Hiroshige
Hawkeye tries unsuccessfully to get to Seoul to see a Nurse Gilmore for the weekend. Meanwhile, Winchester has taped a letter home asking for his influential parents to help get him back to the States. To get even, Hawkeye and B.J. switch Winchester's clothes, causing Winchester to alter his eating patterns.

The Light That Failed
October 25, 1977
Written by Burt Prelutsky
Directed by Chrales S. Dubin
Guest Stars: Enid Kent, Gary Erwin, Philip Baker Hall
With supplies low, the 4077th gets a truckload of ice cream churns and salt tablets. B.J. receives a mystery novel that everyone in camp reads in turn. The last pate is missing and the solution to the mystery is undiscovered until B.J. calls the author by long distance.

In Love and War
November 1, 1977
Written by Alan Alda
Directed by Alan Alda
Guest Stars: Kieu Chinh, Susan Krebs, Soorah Ahn, Enid Kent
Hawkeye falls in love with Kyong Soon (Kieu Chinh), a Korean woman who is caring for her sick mother and orphaned children. All hope is lost as Kyong takes her possessions and the children to the south after her mother has died.

Change Day
November 8, 1977
Written by Laurence Marks
Directed by Don Weis
Guest Stars: Phillip Ahn, Noel Toy, Glenn Ash, Richard Lee Sung
Charles plots a scheme to get rich when he discovers that blue scrip is going to be exchanged for red scrip. Hawkeye and B.J. outsmart him, and he is left holding the worthless scrip.

Images
November 15, 1977
Written by Burt Prelutsky
Directed by Burt Metcalfe
Guest Stars: Susan Blanchard, Larry Block, John Durren
Radar notices a number of tattoos on one of the wounded and convinces himself that with a tattoo he will be irresistible to women. Everyone tries to discourage him, and he admits to having received a tattoo that will wash off.

The M*A*S*H Olympics
November 22, 1977
Written by Ken Levine and David Isaacs
Directed by Don Weis
Guest Stars: Mike Henry, Michael McManus
Realizing how out of shape the 4077th is, Potter decides to hold a camp Olympic competition. The winning team gets a three-day pass, so everyone is excited. Donald Penobscot (Mike Henry) arrives and is allowed to substitute for an ailing Klinger. Hawkeye's team wins, and B.J. must then chauffeur Hawkeye around in a wheelchair for a week.

The Grim Reaper
November 29, 1977
Written by Burt Prelutsky
Directed by George Tyne
Guest Stars: Charles Aidman, Jerry Hauser, Kellye Nakahara
Colonel Victor Bloodworth (Charles Aidman) predicts that 280 wounded will arrive at the 4077th. Hawkeye is antagonized by Bloodworth and shoves him against a wall. Bloodworth presses for a court martial until he becomes one of the wounded and watches Hawkeye saving a soldier's (Jerry Houser) life. Realizing Hawkeye's value as a doctor, Bloodworth drops all charges.

Comrades in Arms (Part 1)
December 6, 1977
Written by Alan Alda
Directed by: Burt Metcalfe
Guest Stars: Jon Yune, James Saito Lost behind enemy lines, Hawkeye and Margaret form a personal truce and seek shelter in a roadside hut.

Comrades in Arms (Part 2)
December 13, 1977
Written by Alan Alda
Directed by Alan Alda
Guest Stars: Jon Yune, James Saito, Doug Rowe
Margaret and Hawkeye seek solace from enemy fire in each other's arms and end up, briefly, as lovers.

The Merchant of Korea
December 20, 1977
Written by Ken Levine and David Isaacs
Directed by William Jurgensen
Guest Stars: Johnny Haymer
After Charles hands B.J. two hundred dollars, he begins to take advantage. Everyone gets together and persuades Charles to play poker. He has incredible beginner's luck until Radar discovers that Charles whistles loudly when he bluffs. They all win back their money and then some.

The Smell of Music
January 3, 1978
Written by Jim Fritzell and Everett Greenbaum
Directed by Stuart Miller
Guest Stars: Jordan Clarke, Nancy Steen, Lois Foraker, Richard Lee Sung
Charles plays a French horn and drives Hawkeye and B.J. crazy. They refuse to bathe until the French horn playing is stopped. Meanwhile Potter saves the life of a suicidal patient (Jordan Clarke). The camp collectively hoses down Hawkeye and B.J. while Margaret has a soldier run over the French horn with a jeep.

Patient 4077
January 10, 1978
Written by Ken Levine and David Isaacs
Directed by Harry Morgan
Guest Stars: Keye Luke, Brenda Thomson, Harry Gold, Pat Stevens
In need of a special surgical clamp, Hawkeye and B.J. hire Mr. Shin (Keye Luke), a local jewelry dealer, to make the clamp. Days later the clamp is used to save the leg of a wounded soldier.

Tea and Empathy
January 17, 1978
Written by Bill Idelson
Directed by Don Weis
Guest Stars: Bernard Fox, Neil Thompson, Sal Viscuso
With British and American casualties heavy, the 4077th's supply of penicillin has been stolen. Father Mulcahy discovers the location of some penicillin, and he and Klinger go out in search of it. They are shot at, but safely return with the drug and save the day.

Your Hit Parade
January 24, 1978
Written by Ronny Graham
Directed by George Tyne
Guest Stars: Ronny Graham, William Kux, Ken Michelman
With the arrival of a shipment of records, Radar plays the part of a disc jockey and helps to get everyone through the incredibly long deluge of wounded.

What's Up, Doc?
January 30, 1978
Written by Larry Balmagia
Directed by George Tyne
Guest Stars: Charles Frank, Lois Foraker, Kurt Andon
Hot Lips, believing herself to be pregnant, asks Hawkeye to test her. The only rabbit available is Radar's pet Fluffy. Hawkeye promises not to kill the rabbit while performing the test. Meanwhile, Greenleigh (Charles Frank), a patient, holds Charles and B.J. at gunpoint, demanding to be sent back to Ohio. Greenleigh collapses from loss of blood, and Hot Lips isn't pregnant.

Mail Call Three
February 6, 1978
Written by Everett Greenbaum and Jim Fritzell
Directed by Charles S. Dubin
Guest Stars: Oliver Clark, Jack Grapes, Carmine Scelza, Terri Paul
After a delay of three weeks, five sacks of mail arrive, and everyone in camp reacts to good and bad news from home. Hawkeye receives love letters addressed to Benjamin Pierce (Oliver Clark), B.J.'s wife has been approached by another man, and Radar's mom has found a boyfriend.

Temporary Duty
February 13, 1978
Written by Larry Balmagia
Directed by Burt Metcalfe
Guest Stars: George Lindsey, Marcia Rodd
With a temporary transfer of personnel between the 4077th and the 8063rd, Hawkeye is replaced by Captain Roy Dupree (George Lindsey). Fear- ing this to be permanent, Charles and B.J. successfully conspire to have Dupree permanently removed from the 4077th.

Potter's Retirement
February 20, 1978 Written by Laurence Marks
Directed by William Jurgensen
Guest Stars: George Wyner, Peter Hobbs, Ken White
Potter is upset when General Kent informs him that people in the 4077th are complaining about his leadership. Potter returns to camp and discovers that the complaints are coming from a Corporal Joe Benson (Peter Hobbs) sent by a disturbed Colonel Frank Webster (George Wyner) who has been wounded some months earlier.

Dr. Winchester and Mr. Hyde
February 27, 1978
Written by Ken Levine, David Isaacs, and Ronny Graham
Directed by Charles S. Dubin
Guest Stars: Chris Murney, Joe Tornatore, Ron Max, Rod Gist
Charles takes amphetamines to keep up his energy level, and even drugs Radar's mouse so that it will win a race against a Marine's mouse.

Major Topper
March 27, 1978
Written by Allyn Freeman
Directed by Charles S. Dubin
Guest Stars: Hamilton Camp, Andrew Bloch, Donald Blackwell, Peter Zapp, Paul Linke, John Kirby, Michael Mann, Kellye Nakahara
With the possibility of contaminated morphine, the doctors at the 4077th administer placebos to the patients which seem to work. Meanwhile, a new soldier (Hamilton Camp) is released on a Section Eight.